Engineering Questions with Answers - Multiple Choice Questions
Thermal Engineering MCQ’s – Availability and Irreversibility
1 - Question
Availability function (∅) is given by ______
a) U-p0V-T0S
b) U+p0V-T0S
c) –U+p0V-T0S
d) p0V-T0S
View Answer
Explanation: Wmax = ∅1-∅0 is known as availability of closed system at state 1. Where ∅1 availability function at state 1 and ∅0 is the availability function of dead state. The availability function is defined as ∅ = U+p0V-T0S
2 - Question
What is the lowest temperature at which heat rejection can takes place?
a) 100°C
b) 0K
c) 273K
d) Temperature equal to surrounding
View Answer
Explanation: The lowest temperature at which heat rejection can takes place is equal to the temperature of surrounding. Efficiency will be maximum if heat rejection takes place at temperature of surrounding.
3 - Question
Gibbs function is given by _____
a) G = H – TS
b) G = pV – TS
c) G = U – pV
d) G = U + pV
View Answer
Explanation: Gibbs function is given by G = H – TS. Also it is given by G =U +pV -TS
4 - Question
What is the part of heat energy which is converted into mechanical work which reduce system in state of equilibrium?
a) Available energy
b) Electrical energy
c) Unavailable energy
d) Hydraulic energy
View Answer
Explanation: Available energy is the part of heat energy which is converted into mechanical work. It is converted by ideal processes which reduce system in state of equilibrium.
5 - Question
The _________ obtainable from a certain heat input in a cyclic heat engine is called _________
a) Maximum work, unavailable energy
b) Maximum work, available energy
c) Minimum work, available energy
d) Minimum work, unavailable energy
View Answer
Explanation: The maximum work obtainable from a certain heat input in a cyclic heat engine is called available energy. Available energy is the part of heat energy which is converted into mechanical work.
6 - Question
What is the part of heat energy which cannot be converted into mechanical work which reduce system in state of equilibrium?
a) Available energy
b) Electrical energy
c) Unavailable energy
d) Hydraulic energy
View Answer
Explanation: Unavailable energy is the part of heat energy which cannot be converted into mechanical work. It cannot be converted even by ideal processes which reduce system in state of equilibrium.
7 - Question
The _________ has to be rejected by any cyclic heat engine is called _________
a) Maximum energy, unavailable energy
b) Maximum energy, available energy
c) Minimum energy, available energy
d) Minimum energy, unavailable energy
View Answer
Explanation: The minimum energy that has to be rejected by any cyclic heat engine is called unavailable energy. Unavailable energy is the part of heat energy which cannot be converted into mechanical work.
8 - Question
The difference between idealized reversible work and actual work done by the system is called _____
a) Reversibility
b) Irreversibility
c) Gain in available energy
d) Decrease in unavailable energy
View Answer
Explanation: The difference between idealized reversible work and actual work done by the system is called irreversibility of the process. Irreversibility = loss in available energy = increase in unavailable energy.
9 - Question
Availability is also known as __________
a) Exergy
b) Ronthalpy
c) Enthalpy
d) Entropy
View Answer
Explanation: The maximum work obtainable from a certain heat input in a cyclic heat engine is called available energy. Availability is also known as exergy.
10 - Question
. Which of the following statements applicable to a perfect gas will also be true for an irreversible process?
a) dQ = dU + pdV
b) dQ = du – pdV
c) Tds = dU + pdV
d) Tds = du – pdV
View Answer
Explanation: Tds = dU + pdV All are properties thus it is applicable for reversible as well as irreversible process.
11 - Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
a) Available energy is generally conserved
b) Available energy is maximum theoretical work obtainable
c) Available energy can either be negative or positive
d) Available energy is minimum theoretical work obtainable
View Answer
Explanation: The maximum work obtainable from a certain heat input in a cyclic heat engine is called available energy. Available energy is the part of heat energy which is converted into mechanical work.
12 - Question
When system undergoes a process such that ∫dQ/T = 0 and ∆S>0, the process is ______
a) Irreversible adiabatic
b) Reversible adiabatic
c) Isothermal
d) Isobaric
View Answer
Explanation: ∆S more than zero which implies irreversible process. ∫dQ/T = 0 is adiabatic.