Engineering Questions with Answers - Multiple Choice Questions
Stress Distribution – Pressure Distribution Diagrams
1 - Question
____________ is not the vertical pressure distribution diagram, which can be prepared by Boussinesq’s theory.
a) stress isobars
b) vertical pressure distribution on a horizontal plane
c) horizontal pressure distribution on a horizontal plane
d) vertical pressure distribution on a vertical plane
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: By means of Boussinesq’s stress distribution theory, the following vertical pressure distribution diagrams can be prepared,
- stress isobars
- vertical pressure distribution on a horizontal plane
- vertical pressure distribution on a vertical plane.
2 - Question
An isobar is a curve connecting all points of _______ below the ground.
a) equal vertical pressure
b) unequal vertical pressure
c) equal horizontal pressure
d) unequal horizontal pressure
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: An isobar is a curve or contour connecting all points below the ground surface or ground level of equal vertical pressure. In an isobar, at each and every point the vertical pressure is same.
3 - Question
An isobar is a curved surface of the shape of _________
a) circular
b) rectangle
c) bulb
d) hexagon
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: An isobar is a spatial, curved surface of the shape of bulb. This is because the vertical pressure on a given horizontal plane is the same in all directions at all points located at equal radial distances around the axis of loading.
4 - Question
The zone of soil in isobar is called __________
a) stress diagram
b) contour
c) pressure bulb
d) isotherm
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The zone in a loaded soil mass bounded by an isobar of given vertical pressure intensity is called pressure bulb. In any point inside the pressure bulb, the vertical pressure in a horizontal plane is same.
5 - Question
An isobar diagram consists of __________
a) family of isobars of various intensities
b) single isobar only
c) two isobars only
d) isobars of same intensities
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: An isobar is a spatial, curved surface of the shape of bulb. This is because the vertical pressure on a given horizontal plane is the same in all directions at all points located at equal radial distances around the axis of loading. Considering parallel horizontal planes, there will be different vertical pressures. Therefore, An isobar diagram consists of family of isobars of various intensities.
6 - Question
The vertical pressure distribution on any horizontal plane at a depth z below the ground due to concentrated load is ___________
a) σz=KBQz
b) σz=KBQz2
c) σz=KBzQ
d) σz=KBQz3
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The Boussinesq’s vertical stress σz is given by,
σz=3Q2πz2[11+(rz)2]52
Representing KBas32π[11+(rz)2]52
∴ we get,
σz=KBQz2.
7 - Question
If the r/z ratio is 0.5, then the vertical pressure on a horizontal plane is given by _________
a) σz=0.56Qz3
b) σz=0.4775Qz3
c) σz=0.2733Qz2
d) σz=0.4775Qz2
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Boussinesq’s vertical stress σz is given by,
σz=3Q2πz232π[11+(rz)2]52
Substituting r/z=0.5,
We get,
σz=0.2733Qz2.
8 - Question
If the r/z ratio is unity, then the vertical pressure on a horizontal plane is given by _________
a) σz=0.56Qz3
b) σz=0.0844Qz2
c) σz=0.2733Qz2
d) σz=0.4775Qz2
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Boussinesq’s vertical stress σz is given by,
σz=3Q2πz2[11+(rz)2]52
Substituting rz=1,
We get,
σz=0.0844Qz2.
9 - Question
If the r/z ratio is 2, then the vertical pressure on a horizontal plane is given by _________
a) σz=0.0085Qz2
b) σz=0.0844Qz2
c) σz=0.2733Qz2
d) σz=0.4775Qz2
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Boussinesq’s vertical stress σz is given by,
σz=3Q2πz2[11+(rz)2]52
Substituting rz=2,
We get,
σz=0.0085Qz2.
10 - Question
The vertical stress distribution diagram on a horizontal plane due to a concentrated load is known as the influence diagram if the load is ______
a) zero
b) unity
c) two units
d) three units
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The influence diagram is a representation of vertical stress distribution diagram on a horizontal plane due to a concentrated load, at a depth z when it is plotted for a unit load Q=1.
11 - Question
The vertical stress is proportional to __________
a) z2KB
b) KBz2
c) KBz3
d) z3KB
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The Boussinesq’s vertical stress σz is given by,
σz=3Q2πz2[11+(rz)2]52
Representing KBas32π[11+(rz)2]52
∴ we get,
σz=KBQz2,
∴ σz∝KBz2.
12 - Question
The maximum value of σz on vertical line is obtained at the point of intersection of vertical plane with radial line at the angle of ____________
a) 39°30’
b) 39°45’
c) 35°15’
d) 39°15’
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The vertical stress first increases, attains a maximum value and then decreases. It can be shown that the maximum value of σz on vertical line is obtained at the point of intersection of vertical plane with radial line at the angle of39°15’.
13 - Question
The maximum value of σz on vertical line is ____________
a) (σz)max=0.0888Qr2
b) (σz)max=0.0844Qz4
c) (σz)max=0.2733Qz3
d) (σz)max=0.4775Qz3
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The maximum value of σz on vertical line is obtained at the point of intersection of vertical plane with radial line at the angle of39°15’. The corresponding value of rz is 0.817.
∴ z=r0.817=1.225r
KB=0.1332
σz=KBQz2
σz=0.1332Q1.225r2
∴ (σz)max=0.0888Qr2