Engineering Questions with Answers - Multiple Choice Questions
Strength of Materials MCQs Rectangular Dam Analysis
1 - Question
Calculate the self-weight of the masonry of the rectangle dam of 10 m height and 4 m wide. Consider specific weight of masonry as 20kN/m3.
a) 600 kN
b) 500 kN
c) 800 kN
d) 1000 kN
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Self weight of masonry = W = Area of cross-section × 1× Specific weight of masonry.
= (10×4)×1×20 = 800 kN.
2 - Question
Water-cement ratio varies normally from ______________ to __________
a) 0.42 – 0.45
b) 0.45 – 0.48
c) 0.42 – 0.48
d) 0.45 – 0.5
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The ratio to which the required amount of water is added to weight of cement to obtain desired consistency and workability of concrete mix is known as water cement ratio. It varies from 0.42 to 0.48.
3 - Question
Calculate the resultant force of dam with given self weight 800kN and water pressure be 500kN.
a) 943.4 kN
b) 956.7 kN
c) 948.6 kN
d) 939.1 KN
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Resultant force (R) = (P2 + W2)1/2 = 5002 + 8002.
= (5002 + 8002)1/2
= 943.39 ~ 943.4 kN.
4 - Question
When the reservoir is empty tension occurs at ___________
a) Toe
b) Heel
c) Top width
d) Bottom width
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: For no tension to develop in the damn section in any condition, the eccentricity should be less than b/6. When the reservoir is empty, tension occurs at toe and compression occurs at heel.
5 - Question
What is the mix proportion for M15 grade concrete?
a) 1:1:2
b) 1:2:4
c) 1:3:6
d) 1:4:8
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Mix proportion for M15 grade concrete is 1:2:4.
Grade of concrete Mix proportionate
M10 1:3:6
M15 1:2:4
M20 1:1.5:3
6 - Question
Laterite is an example of ___________ rock.
a) Siliceous
b) Argillaceous
c) Calcareous
d) Metamorphic
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The Rocks having (Gneiss) aluminium or clay as the main component, such rocks are known as argillaceous rocks. Example: Slate, Laterite.
7 - Question
________ is crystalline and compact in structure.
a) Marbles
b) Granite
c) Kadapa slabs
d) Shahabad stones
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Marble is a metamorphic rock and is made from limestone, this is a very costly stone. It is less durable. It is crystalline and compact in structure. So it can take a fine polish. It is not very hard.
8 - Question
As per IS, the standard dimensions for a brick is _______ (in cm).
a) 19×8×8
b) 19×9×8
c) 19×9×9
d) 19×8×9
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The shape of a brick should be uniform with rectangular surface and its size should be standard with 19×9×9 cm. They should have a uniform red colour and it should be well burnt.
9 - Question
Formation of white patches on the surface on the bricks is ____________
a) Tempering
b) Porosity
c) Shrinkage
d) Efflorescence
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: A good brick should not contain excess alkaline soils when the bricks are exposed to the atmosphere. It should not absorb moisture. If it attracts moisture then dampness occurs and results in the formation of white patches. Hence the brick begins decaying.
10 - Question
Kiln burning involves 90% of first class bricks.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Kiln burning is a permanent structure. There is complete control on fire. It produces a large scale of manufactured bricks, it takes only 24 hours in burning the bricks and 12 days for cooling. It produces 90% of burnt bricks.
11 - Question
______ bricks can withstand up to a temperature of 1800°C.
a) Refractory
b) Fly ash
c) Clay
d) Cement
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The bricks made from refractory clay are called refractory bricks. The weight of these bricks is 2 kN/m3. The standard size is 230× 65× 113 mm. These bricks can withstand up to the temperature of 1800°C.
12 - Question
According to IS, the minimum expansion joint in construction should be ________
a) 18mm to 30 mm
b) 15mm to 24mm
c) 18mm to 25mm
d) 22mm to 30mm
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: According to Indian standards 456- 2000, it is desirable to provide 18 mm to 25 mm thick expansion joints after every 30 to 45 m construction of length.
13 - Question
The edges formed by the intersection of plane surfaces of a brick are known as _________
a) Arises
b) Stretcher
c) Header
d) Frog
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In any bond, the edges formed by the intersection of plane surfaces of a brick are termed as arises. These are straight and sharp in case of good bricks or brick tiles.
14 - Question
The depression made in the face of brick during its manufacture is _________
a) Brick tile
b) Bat
c) Frog
d) Quoin closer
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The depression provided on any face of the brick during its manufacture can be termed as frog. A hand moulded bricks has one frog. A pressed brick has two frogs.
15 - Question
Calculate the eccentricity of a rectangular dam of width 4 m. Take the distance between the water face and point where resultant cuts the base as 5.25 m.
a) 2.25m
b) 3.25m
c) 4.35m
d) 5.35m
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Eccentricity = e = Z – b/ 2
Where Z = 5.25 m & b = 4m ; Now, e = Z- b/2
e = 5.25 – 4/2
= 3.25m.
16 - Question
Strength of Materials MCQs Trapezoidal Dam as Vertical Side Phase
Calculate the horizontal water pressure acting on a dam. The total depth of water be 13m. Take specific weight of water be 10kN/m3.
a) 765 kN
b) 845 kN
c) 965 kN
d) 1175 kN
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Horizontal water pressure(P) = w×h2/ 2.
Where w = 10 kN/m3. h= 13m.
P = 10×132/ 2 = 845kN.
17 - Question
Calculate the self-weight of a rectangular dam of 22m high and 8m wide. It contains water upto a height of 20m. Consider the specific weight of masonry be 25 kN/m3.
a) 3560 kN
b) 5432 kN
c) 4400 kN
d) 5680 kN
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Consider 1m length of the dam. The total depth of dam is 22 metres.
Self weight of masonry (W)= (22×8)×1×25
= 4400kN.
18 - Question
The pressure intensity of water at free surface is ________
a) Zero
b) Maximum
c) Minimum
d) Uniform
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The pressure intensity of water at a free surface is always zero and increase linearly to a maximum at the base and is equal to “ wh”.
19 - Question
Self weight of dam acts in ___________ direction.
a) Vertical
b) Horizontal
c) Inclined
d) Parallel
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Self weight of the Dam at vertically downwards passing through centre of gravity of the damn section and Total horizontal water pressure acts horizontally at heel of the dam.
20 - Question
The maximum compressive stresses developed at the base of the dam should not exceed permissible ___________ stresses for masonry.
a) Tensile
b) Crippling
c) Compressive
d) Shear
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: To avoid the failure of crushing, the maximum compressive stress developed at the base of the dam should not exceed the permissible compressive stress for masonry with which the dam is constructed.
21 - Question
For no _______ to develop in the dam section the resultant should always lie within the middle third.
a) Compression
b) Tension
c) Shear
d) Buckling
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: For no tension to develop in the dam section at any condition, the eccentricity developed with the resultant should be always less than b/6. The resultant must always lie within the middle third.
22 - Question
Calculate the self weight of trapezoidal dam with top width 5m and bottom width 8m. The height of dam is 15 m. Consider specific weight of masonry be 25kN/m3.
a) 3456.5 kN
b) 2768.5 kN
c) 2437.5 kN
d) 3450 kN
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Consider 1m of length, area of trapezoidal dam be (a+b)/2 ×H
The self weight of trapezoidal dam (W) = (a+b)/2 × H × 1 × 25
W = 2437.5 kN.
23 - Question
The material(earth) retained by the retaining wall is called as __________
a) Surcharge
b) Turf
c) Foliate
d) Back fill
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The material retained by the retaining wall is called back fill. The top surface of the back fills maybe him the horizontal or inclined.
24 - Question
The inclination of surcharge to the horizontal is called ____________
a) Surcharge elevation
b) Surcharge angle
c) Surcharge factor
d) Surcharge depression
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The back fill lying above a horizontal plane at an elevation of the top of wall is known as a surcharge and its inclination to the horizontal is called surcharge angle.
25 - Question
Which of the following is practical pressure?
a) Active earth pressure
b) Passive earth pressure
c) Soil moisture tension
d) Horizontal water pressure
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The pressure exerted by back fill on retaining wall is called an active earth pressure. This is the minimum earth pressure exerted by the soil. This is also known as practical pressure.
26 - Question
The angle of internal friction for water is __________
a) 180°
b) 100°
c) 0°
d) 270°
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Angle of internal friction is defined as the maximum slope at which the particles of soil will come in rest due to their internal friction. It is also called an angle of repose for water it is 0°.
27 - Question
Which of the following is theoretical pressure?
a) Active earth pressure
b) Passive earth pressure
c) Soil Tension
d) Horizontal water pressure
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The pressure exerted by the retaining wall on the retained earth is called passive earth pressure. This is a maximum earth pressure due to maximum shear stress on the retaining wall. This is also known as theoretical pressure.
28 - Question
Which of the following is an example for plasticizer?
a) Ca
b) Mg
c) Zn
d) Hg
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The combination of both inorganic and organic materials which will help to reduce the water content for getting higher workability are known as plasticizers. Examples are calcium, sodium, salts of hydrocarbons etc.
29 - Question
_______ curing is adopted for columns and walls.
a) Moist curing
b) Membrane curing
c) Ponding
d) Descending stage
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In this curing, the exposed surface of the concrete is kept in a damp and moist condition for a long time, the vertical members like columns and walls can be adopted for this type of curing.
30 - Question
Prestressed concrete is an example of _____________
a) Malleability
b) Ductility
c) Fatigue
d) Plasticity
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Fatigue is the property of a material by which the material with stands to repeating, reversing or varying upcoming loads. The best example of fatigue is concrete and prestressed concrete.
31 - Question
Strength of Materials MCQs Trapezoidal Dam as Inclined Side Phase
Calculate the eccentricity of a trapezoidal dam with a distance between the centre of gravity and point where the resultant cuts the base is 5m. The bottom width of the dam is 3m.
a) 2.5m
b) 3.5m
c) 4.5m
d) 5m
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The eccentricity (e) = Z – b/2.
Z= distance between the centre of gravity and point where the resultant cuts the base is 5m.
= 5-3/2 = 1.5m.
32 - Question
Which of the following is not a failure of retaining wall?
a) Structural slide
b) Shear sliding
c) Crushing
d) Slope pitching
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Crushing Failure is related to dams. The retaining walls are the structures constructed to store earth on one side especially in case of hill or ghat roads.
33 - Question
________ pressure which occurs commonly in dams.
a) Passive earth pressure
b) Active earth pressure
c) Soil moisture tension
d) Wind pressure
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Active earth pressure is exerted by backfill on retaining walls. It is also called as practical pressure. It occurs commonly in dams.
34 - Question
_________ failures contribute 40% to earthen dams.
a) Seepage
b) Structural
c) Hydraulic
d) Natural
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: On the basis of various investigation reports and case studies, hydraulic failures contribute about 40% of failures to earthen dams. The rest of the failures is shared by seepage failures and structural failures.
35 - Question
Which of the following filters are also known as chimney drains?
a) Horizontal filter
b) Inclined filter
c) Rock toe
d) Toe drain
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The filters which are laid across the outer slope of the impervious core are called as inclined filters. They are also known as Chimney drains. They are provided mainly to collect the seepage emerging out of the core.
36 - Question
Zoned earthen dams are also known as ______
a) Heterogeneous dams
b) Core wall dams
c) Homogeneous dams
d) Hydraulic dam
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The dams are constructed on shallow pervious foundations in this dam section about outer zones are made fairly pervious material and the inner most zoning called “hearting” is done was fairly impervious material. It is also known as heterogeneous dam.
37 - Question
___________ dams are built with key trenches.
a) Heterogeneous earth dam
b) Homogeneous earth dam
c) Earth Dam with Core wall
d) Rolled fill dam
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The outer zones of this dam are made of pervious material as in zoned dam. In this case, it is essentially build cut-off wall (cut-off trench) built quite deep preferably upto impervious rock layer in the foundation.
38 - Question
Line of seepage is also known as __________
a) Hydraulic gradient
b) Phreatic line
c) Seepage gradient
d) Hydraulic seepage line
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The line within the dam section below which there are positive hydrostatic pressures in a dam and above the line the hydrostatic pressures are negative. It gives a divide line between dry and saturated soils.
39 - Question
____________ represents the top stream line.
a) Phreatic line
b) Hydraulic gradient line
c) Seepage gradient
d) Hydraulic seepage line
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Phreatic line is also called a line of seepage or saturation line. The phreatic line represents the top streamline and hence helps us in drawing the flow net.
40 - Question
The hydrostatic pressures on phreatic line are equal to____
a) Zero
b) Maximum
c) Minimum
d) Constant
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The hydrostatic pressure on phreatic line is equal to atmospheric pressure and hence equal to zero, the flow through the body of the dam below the phreatic line reduces the effective weight of the soil and thus reduces the shear strength of the soil.
41 - Question
Expand MWL?
a) Minimum water level
b) Maximum water level
c) Meagre water level
d) Most wind level
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The water level that is attained during floods is called the maximum water level. The dams and spillway sections are designed to withstand water pressure at this level.
42 - Question
______ is the difference of Level between full reservoir level and top of the dam.
a) Net free board
b) Gross free board
c) Design free board
d) Over free board
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In dams, in order to prevent the overtopping during peak floods, a sufficient margin is provided between the full reservoir level and top of the dam. This is known as gross free board.
43 - Question
By keeping the phreatic line within the downstream toe, the ___________ can be avoided.
a) Piping
b) Gullying
c) Sloughing
d) Over topping
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: If the filter at downstream side toe is choked then also the downstream too becomes saturated. In such circumstances, some erosion occurs in downstream to this causes sloughing. To avoid this phreatic line must be within the downstream toe.
44 - Question
Springs(closely coiled) are examples of _____________
a) stiffness
b) hardness
c) toughness
d) creep
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The property of a material or substance which offers resistance to bending action and measures the load required to be applied is called stiffness. It is denoted by s or k. Springs are the best examples of stiffness.
45 - Question
Perennial canals are also known as ________
a) Inundation canal
b) Productive canal
c) Feeder canal
d) Permanent canal
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The canal which is fed by a permanent source of supply is said to be a permanent Canal. It has also regulatory works. This canal is also sometimes known as a perennial canal.