Engineering Questions with Answers - Multiple Choice Questions
Strength of Materials MCQs Bending Stress due to Eccentric Loading
1 - Question
Eccentrically loaded structures have to be designed for _______
a) Uniaxial force
b) Biaxial force
c) Combined axial force
d) Combined biaxial force
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: When the line of action of the resultant compressive force doesn’t coincide with the centre of gravity of the cross section of the structure, it is called eccentrically loaded structure. They have to be designed for combined axial force.
2 - Question
______ transfer the loads from beams or slabs to footings or foundations.
a) Pedestal
b) Post
c) Rib
d) Column
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: A vertical member whose effective length is greater than 3 times its least lateral dimension carrying compressive loads is called a column. The main function of column is to transfer the loads from the beams or slabs to the footings or foundation.
3 - Question
In long columns, the lateral deflection causes at the ______
a) Supports
b) Throughout
c) Midspan
d) Along outer periphery
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A long column under the action of axial loads deflects laterally causing maximum deflection at the centre. A long column fails due to buckling.
4 - Question
Short columns causes deflection in the structure.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: If the ratio of the effective length of the column to the least lateral dimension is less than 12. The column is called a short column. It fails by crushing (pure compression failure) and there is no chance of causing deflections.
5 - Question
The approximate percentage of reinforcement provided in a beam varies from _______
a) 1-2%
b) 1-4%
c) 2-3%
d) 3-4%
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The approximate percentage of reinforcement provided in a beam varies from 1-2%.
Type of Structure Approx. % of Steel
Beam 1-2%
Slabs 0.7-1%
Columns 1-4%
6 - Question
To avoid the failure of a column by buckling ___________ limits are to be recommended.
a) Slenderness
b) Effective length
c) Kernel
d) Radius of gyration
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The column dimensions shall be such that it fails by material failure only (crushing due to compression) and not by buckling. To avoid the failure of column buckling clause 25.3 of IS 456 recommends the slenderness limits for the column.
7 - Question
According to IS 456- 2000, the minimum eccentricity subjected to a column is __________
a) 30mm
b) 20mm
c) 45mm
d) 50mm
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: No column can have a perfectly axial load. There may be some moments acting due to the imperfection of construction or due to actual conditions of loading when IS 456-2000, recommends that all columns Shall be designed for minimum eccentricity of 20 mm.
8 - Question
Radius of gyration is denoted by _________
a) k
b) n
c) e
d) y
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The radius of gyration about a given axis is defined as the effective distance from the given axis at which the whole area may be considered or located. It is denoted by “k” or “r”. The units for the radius of gyration are mm.
9 - Question
Find the moment of inertia of a rectangular section of 40 mm width and 80 mm depth about the base.
a) 632×104mm4
b) 682×104mm4
c) 734×104mm4
d) 568×104mm4
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation:<br/>
Moment of inertia of the rectangular section passing through the base is bd3/ 3.
I = bd/3
= 40×(80)3/ 3
= 682.66×104mm4.
10 - Question
Mild steel is an example of ______________ mechanical property of the material.
a) Malleability
b) Creep
c) Ductility
d) Elasticity
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Ductility is the property of a material by which material can be drawn into thin wires after undergoing a considerable deformation without rupture. The mild steel, silver, tor steel, aluminium etc. are considered as examples for ductility.
11 - Question
Which of the following are the relative properties of the material?
a) Creep
b) Fatigue
c) Hardness
d) Stiffness
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The hardness is the ability of a material to resist indentation (impression), scratching or surface abrasion. It is the relative property of the material. Every material has its own hardness number.
12 - Question
Rotating key of a lock is an example of ____________
a) Varignon’s Theory
b) Walton’s Theory
c) Formation of couple
d) Parallel axis theorem
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A set of two equal and opposite forces whose line of action is different form a couple. The effect of couple is always to produce moment on which it acts either in clockwise or anticlockwise directions. The example is rotating key of a lock.
13 - Question
The relative change in position is called ______________
a) Matter
b) Body
c) Inertia
d) Motion
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: A body said to be in motion when it changes its position with respect to other bodies. The relative change in position is called motion. The motion involves both space and time.
14 - Question
Which of the following is not base unit?
a) Area
b) Length
c) Time
d) Temperature
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If the units are expressed in other units which are derived from fundamental units, such units are known as derived units. The examples are area, velocity, acceleration & pressure etc.
15 - Question
According to IS 456-2000, the minimum number of longitudinal bars to be provided in rectangular columns is ________
a) 5
b) 4
c) 6
d) 8
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: According to IS 456-2000, the cross sectional area of longitudinal reinforcement should not be less than 0.8% and not more than 6% of gross cross-sectional area. The minimum diameter of longitudinal bars is 12 mm and minimum number of longitudinal bars to be provided is 4 for a rectangular column.
16 - Question
Strength of Materials MCQs Bending Stress due to Eccentric Loading in Both Directions
As per IS 456-2000, the minimum eccentricity for columns shall be given by ________
a) l/500 + D/30
b) l/450 + D/45
c) l/400 + D/40
d) l/250 + D/25
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: As per IS 456-2000, clause 25.4 recommends that all columns show the design for the minimum of its eccentricity. No column will be perfectly loaded axially. There might be kind of moment acting due to improper construction.
17 - Question
If the columns are effectively held in position and restrained against rotation at both ends. Recommend the value of effective length.
a) 0.6×l
b) 0.65×l
c) 0.77×l
d) 0.9×l
View Answer
Answer: b<br/>
Explanation: The effective length of column for various and conditions may be taken from IS 456 2000, for effectively held in position and restrained against rotation in both ends recommended value of effective length
is 0.65 
[ l = unsupported length of compression member ].
18 - Question
A column in which reinforcement is wound spiral is ___________
a) Tied column
b) Spiral column
c) Composite columnv
d) Short column
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: When the main longitudinal bars of the column are enclosed within closely spaced and continuously wound spiral reinforcement, then the column is said to be a spiral column.
19 - Question
The inclined members carrying compressive loads are ________
a) Pedestal
b) Strut
c) Post
d) Winch
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The inclined member carries compressive loads in case of frames and trusses are known as Struts. The Pedestal is a vertical compression member whose effective length is less than 3 times its least lateral dimension.
20 - Question
Polygonal links are also known as _____________
a) Bent up bars
b) Crancked bars
c) Lateral ties
d) Anchorage bars
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A reinforced concrete member of compression shall have transverse or helical reinforcement. It is either in the form of spiral rings capable of taking up tension or polygonal links (lateral ties) placed closely and confined with main bars.
21 - Question
The pitch of the lateral ties shall not be more than the least of the ______________
a) 300mm
b) 450mm
c) 500mm
d) 550mm
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: As per IS 456 2000; the which of the ties shall not be more than the least of the
▪ least lateral dimension of the column
▪ sixteen times the diameter of the smallest longitudinal bar
▪ 300 mm.
22 - Question
The minimum depth of foundation in all types of soils is _________
a) 350mm
b) 680mm
c) 500mm
d) 280mm
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: According to IS 1080 – 1962, the minimum depth of foundation should be not less than 500 mm. However, if good rock is made it smaller depth, only removal of top soil may be sufficient.
23 - Question
In T beams, the most of the compressive force is shared by __________
a) Web
b) Flange
c) Rib
d) Neutral axis
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: As the slab being Monolithic with the beam is also compressed and shares the compressive force with the flange, the depth of beam required is less and hence the maximum deflections also less.
24 - Question
In T beams, maximum ______ is less.
a) Shear force
b) Bending moment
c) Bending stress
d) Shear stress
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In T beams, the maximum bending moment is less because of the sagging moment is effectively resisted. The maximum deflections are also less in these beams. They are preferred for larger spans when compared to simply supported beams.
25 - Question
In continuous beams ______ moment develops at supports.
a) Hogging
b) Sagging
c) Couple
d) Static
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: When the slab beam is continuous over several supports, hogging bending moment is induced over the support developing tension at the top surface. The continuous beams and slabs I design for maximum bending moment and shear forces.
26 - Question
In continuous beams ______________ moments is always less than support moments.
a) Upward
b) Mid span
c) Downward
d) Sagging
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The mid span moment in continuous beams and slabs is always less than the support moment and hence weight of the beam doesn’t affect the stresses induced.
27 - Question
Lighter materials of construction can be used for a continuous beam.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Lighter materials are preferred in construction of continuous beam because as the bending moment developed in a continuous beam is less, the bending moment to be resisted is also less.
28 - Question
________ is a good example for malleability.
a) Glass
b) Concrete
c) Copper
d) Lead
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Lighter materials are preferred in construction of continuous beam because as the bending moment developed in a continuous beam is less, the bending moment to be resisted is also less.
29 - Question
Determine the working stress in the factor of safety is 3 and ultimate load is what 127.32N?
a) 46 N/m2
b) 55 N/m2
c) 48 N/m2
d) 42 N/m2
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: We know that working stress is the ratio of ultimate load to factor of safety
Given F.O.S = 3 & W = 127.32N
Working stress = 127.32/3
= 42.44 N/m2.
30 - Question
Volumetric strain = 3× _____________
a) Linear strain
b) Lateral strain
c) Linear stress
d) Lateral stress
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The volumetric strain is the algebraic sum of all the linear or axial strains that are
€v = €xx + €yy + €zz
The volumetric strain will be 3 times the linear strain in any of three axis and €v = 3e
Where (e = linear strain).