Engineering Questions with Answers - Multiple Choice Questions
Machine Kinematics – Numericals On Kinematics Of Motion
1 - Question
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 72 km. p.h. over a distance of 500 m. Calculate the acceleration
. a) 0.3 m/s2
b) 0.4 m/s2
c) 0.5 m/s2
d) 0.6 m/s2
View Answer
Explanation: Given : u = 0 ; v = 72 km. p.h. = 20 m/s ; s = 500 m First of all, let us consider the motion of the car from rest. Acceleration of the car Let a = Acceleration of the car. We know that v2 = u2 + 2as or, 202 = 0 + 2a x 500 = 1000a or, a = 202/1000 = 0.4 m/s2
2 - Question
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 72 km. p.h. over a distance of 500 m. Calculate the time taken to attain the speed.
a) 50 s
b) 60 s
c) 70 s
d) 80 s
View Answer
Explanation: Given : u = 0 ; v = 72 km. p.h. = 20 m/s ; s = 500 m First of all, let us consider the motion of the car from rest. Acceleration of the car Let a = Acceleration of the car. We know that v2 = u2 + 2as or, 202 = 0 + 2a x 500 = 1000a or, a = 202/1000 = 0.4 m/s2 Let t = Time taken by the car to attain the speed. We know that v = u + a.t ∴ 20 = 0 + 0.4 × t or t = 20/0.4 = 50 s
3 - Question
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 72 km. p.h. over a distance of 500 m. If a further acceleration raises the speed to 90 km. p.h. in 10 seconds, find this acceleration and the further distance moved.
a) 0.3 m/s2
b) 0.4 m/s2
c) 0.5 m/s2
d) 0.6 m/s2
View Answer
Explanation: Given : u = 0 ; v = 72 km. p.h. = 20 m/s ; s = 500 m First of all, let us consider the motion of the car from rest. Acceleration of the car Let a = Acceleration of the car. We know that v2 = u2 + 2as or, 202 = 0 + 2a x 500 = 1000a or, a = 202/1000 = 0.4 m/s2 Let t = Time taken by the car to attain the speed. We know that v = u + a.t ∴ 20 = 0 + 0.4 × t or t = 20/0.4 = 50 s Now consider the motion of the car from 72 km.p.h. to 90 km.p.h. in 10 seconds. Given : Initial velocity, u = 72 km.p.h. = 20 m/s ; Final velocity, v = 96 km.p.h. = 25 m/s ; t = 10 s Let a = Acceleration of the car. We know that v = u + a.t 25 = 20 + a × 10 or a = (25 – 20)/10 = 0.5 m2
4 - Question
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 72 km. p.h. over a distance of 500 m. A further acceleration raises the speed to 90 km. p.h. in 10 seconds.The brakes are now applied to bring the car to rest under uniform retardation in 5 seconds. Find the distance travelled during braking.
a) 200 m
b) 300 m
c) 225 m
d) 335 m
View Answer
Explanation: Given : u = 0 ; v = 72 km. p.h. = 20 m/s ; s = 500 m First of all, let us consider the motion of the car from rest. Acceleration of the car Let a = Acceleration of the car. We know that v2 = u2 + 2as or, 202 = 0 + 2a x 500 = 1000a or, a = 202/1000 = 0.4 m/s2 Let t = Time taken by the car to attain the speed. We know that v = u + a.t ∴ 20 = 0 + 0.4 × t or t = 20/0.4 = 50 s Now consider the motion of the car from 72 km.p.h. to 90 km.p.h. in 10 seconds. Given : Initial velocity, u = 72 km.p.h. = 20 m/s ; Final velocity, v = 96 km.p.h. = 25 m/s ; t = 10 s Let a = Acceleration of the car. We know that v = u + a.t 25 = 20 + a × 10 or a = (25 – 20)/10 = 0.5 m2 We know that distance moved by the car, s = ut + 1/2 at2 = 20 x 10 + 1/2 0.5(10)2 = 225 m
5 - Question
A wheel accelerates uniformly from rest to 2000 r.p.m. in 20 seconds. What is its angular acceleration?
a) 10.475 rad/s2
b) 11.475 rad/s2
c) 12.475 rad/s2
d) 13.475 rad/s2
View Answer
Explanation: Given : N0 = 0 or ω = 0 ; N = 2000 r.p.m. or ω = 2π × 2000/60 = 209.5 rad/s ; t = 20s Angular acceleration Let α = Angular acceleration in rad/s2. We know that ω = ω0 + α.t or 209.5 = 0 + α × 20 ∴ α = 209.5 / 20 = 10.475 rad/s2
6 - Question
A wheel accelerates uniformly from rest to 2000 r.p.m. in 20 seconds.How many revolutions does the wheel make in attaining the speed of 2000 r.p.m.?
a) 333.4
b) 444.4
c) 555.4
d) 666.4
a) 10.475 rad/s2
b) 11.475 rad/s2
c) 12.475 rad/s2
d) 13.475 rad/s2
View Answer
Explanation: Given : N0 = 0 or ω = 0 ; N = 2000 r.p.m. or ω = 2π × 2000/60 = 209.5 rad/s ; t = 20s Angular acceleration Let α = Angular acceleration in rad/s2. We know that ω = ω0 + α.t or 209.5 = 0 + α × 20 ∴ α = 209.5 / 20 = 10.475 rad/s2 We know that the angular distance moved by the wheel during 2000 r.p.m. (i.e. when ω = 209.5 rad/s), θ = (ω0 + ω)t/2 = ( 0 + 209.5)20/2 = 2095 rad Since the angular distance moved by the wheel during one revolution is 2π radians, therefore number of revolutions made by the wheel, n = θ /2π = 2095/2π = 333.4
7 - Question
A horizontal bar 1.5 metres long and of small cross-section rotates about vertical axis through one end. It accelerates uniformly from 1200 r.p.m. to 1500 r.p.m. in an interval of 5 seconds. What is the linear velocity at the beginning?
a) 288.6 m/s
b) 388.6 m/s
c) 488.6 m/s
d) 188.6 m/s
View Answer
Explanation: Given : r = 1.5 m ; N0 = 1200 r.p.m. or ω0 = 2 π × 1200/60 = 125.7 rad/s ; N = 1500 r.p.m. or ω = 2 π × 1500/60 = 157 rad/s ; t = 5 s Linear velocity at the beginning We know that linear velocity at the beginning, v0 = r . ω0 = 1.5 × 125.7 = 188.6 m/s
8 - Question
A horizontal bar 1.5 metres long and of small cross-section rotates about vertical axis through one end. It accelerates uniformly from 1200 r.p.m. to 1500 r.p.m. in an interval of 5 seconds. What is the linear velocity at the end of the interval ?
a) 235.5 m/s
b) 335.5 m/s
c) 435.5 m/s
d) 535.5 m/s
View Answer
Explanation: Given : r = 1.5 m ; N0 = 1200 r.p.m. or ω0 = 2 π × 1200/60 = 125.7 rad/s ; N = 1500 r.p.m. or ω = 2 π × 1500/60 = 157 rad/s ; t = 5 s Linear velocity at the beginning We know that linear velocity at the beginning, v0 = r . ω0 = 1.5 × 125.7 = 188.6 m/s Linear velocity at the end of 5 seconds We also know that linear velocity after 5 seconds, v5 = r . ω = 1.5 × 157 = 235.5 m/s
9 - Question
A horizontal bar 1.5 metres long and of small cross-section rotates about vertical axis through one end. It accelerates uniformly from 1200 r.p.m. to 1500 r.p.m. in an interval of 5 seconds. What is the normal component of the acceleration of the mid-point of the bar after 5 seconds after the acceleration begins ?
a) 2.7 m/s2
b) 3.7 m/s2
c) 4.7 m/s2
d) 5.7 m/s2
View Answer
Explanation: Given : r = 1.5 m ; N0 = 1200 r.p.m. or ω0 = 2 π × 1200/60 = 125.7 rad/s ; N = 1500 r.p.m. or ω = 2 π × 1500/60 = 157 rad/s ; t = 5 s Linear velocity at the beginning We know that linear velocity at the beginning, v0 = r . ω0 = 1.5 × 125.7 = 188.6 m/s Linear velocity at the end of 5 seconds We also know that linear velocity after 5 seconds, v5 = r . ω = 1.5 × 157 = 235.5 m/s Let α = Constant angular acceleration. We know that ω = ω0+ α.t 157 = 125.7 + α × 5 or α = (157 – 125.7) /5 = 6.26 rad/s2 Radius corresponding to the middle point, r = 1.5 /2 = 0.75 m ∴ Tangential acceleration = α. r = 6.26 × 0.75 = 4.7 m/s2
10 - Question
A horizontal bar 1.5 metres long and of small cross-section rotates about vertical axis through one end. It accelerates uniformly from 1200 r.p.m. to 1500 r.p.m. in an interval of 5 seconds. What is the tangential component of the acceleration of the mid-point of the bar after 5 seconds after the acceleration begins ?
a) 18287 m/s2
b) 18387 m/s2
c) 18487 m/s2
d) 18587 m/s2
View Answer
Explanation: Given : r = 1.5 m ; N0 = 1200 r.p.m. or ω0 = 2 π × 1200/60 = 125.7 rad/s ; N = 1500 r.p.m. or ω = 2 π × 1500/60 = 157 rad/s ; t = 5 s Linear velocity at the beginning We know that linear velocity at the beginning, v0 = r . ω0 = 1.5 × 125.7 = 188.6 m/s Linear velocity at the end of 5 seconds We also know that linear velocity after 5 seconds, v5 = r . ω = 1.5 × 157 = 235.5 m/s Let α = Constant angular acceleration. We know that ω = ω0+ α.t 157 = 125.7 + α × 5 or α = (157 – 125.7) /5 = 6.26 rad/s2 Radius corresponding to the middle point, r = 1.5 /2 = 0.75 m ∴ Tangential acceleration = α. r = 6.26 × 0.75 = 4.7 m/s2 Radial acceleration = ω2 . r = (157)2 0.75 = 18 487 m/s2