Engineering Questions with Answers - Multiple Choice Questions
Computational Fluid Dynamics – Source Term Discretization
1 - Question
Which of these transport phenomena do not involve any source term?
a) Heat conduction
b) Heat radiation
c) Turbulence models
d) Chemical reactions
View Answer
Explanation: Many of the physical phenomena include the source and sinks. The equations of turbulence models, chemical reactions, radiation heat transfer and multiphase flows contain source terms. Pure heat conduction problem does not include any source term.
2 - Question
Which of these physical properties of the flow problems is affected by the source term?
a) Order of accuracy
b) Reduction of error
c) Stability
d) Accuracy
View Answer
Explanation: The physics of the problem is greatly affected by the source term. Moreover, talking from the analysis side, the stability condition of the problem differs for the problems with sources and the problems without sources.
3 - Question
Which of these methods is recommended for the source term treatment in general?
a) Treat sinks explicitly and sources implicitly
b) Treat sinks implicitly and sources explicitly
c) Treat the source term explicitly
d) Treat the source term implicitly
View Answer
Explanation: If the source term is properly treated, the robustness of the problem will increase. In general, it is better to treat the sinks (negative values) implicitly and the sources (positive values) explicitly.
4 - Question
The source term is ____________
a) equal to the square of the source term
b) equal to the source term
c) a function of the flow variable
d) a function of the product of flow variable and the sink term
View Answer
Explanation: The source term QC is a function of the dependent variable which is the flow variable. Giving this mathematically, QC=Q(ΦC).
5 - Question
When the source term does not vary much, the source term is ___________
a) implicitly calculated
b) calculated from the previous iteration’s values
c) solved simultaneously
d) calculated form the current values
View Answer
Explanation: As the source term is a function of the flow variable, it can be calculated using the available Φ values. In an iterative process, the available values are the previous iteration’s flow variable values.
6 - Question
When the source term varies highly, which of these properties is affected?
a) Consistency
b) Boundedness
c) Stability
d) Rate of convergence
View Answer
Explanation: When the source term is a constant or small, the analysis is not affected by it. But, when the variation of the source term is large, the rate of convergence of the numerical process is greatly affected.
7 - Question
For linearizing the source term, which of these methods is used?
a) Weighted average
b) Series expansion
c) Normalization
d) Central differencing
View Answer
Explanation: To reduce the effects of the highly varying source term on the process, the term should be linearized. For this linearization, a series expansion like the Taylor series expansion is used.
8 - Question
The general form of the equation for the source term is
[aC-FluxCC ] ΦC+∑F~NB(C)aF ΦF =FluxVC.
What constraint does the term FluxCC have?
a) FluxCC must be greater than one
b) FluxCC must be less than one
c) FluxCC must be less than zero
d) FluxCC must be greater than zero
View Answer
Explanation: The diagonal terms are those which are the coefficients of ΦC. In the above equation, the diagonal coefficients are given by aC-FluxCC. For this value to be high, FluxCC should be less than one.
9 - Question
The general form of the equation for the source term is
[aC-FluxCC ] ΦC+∑F~NB(C)aF ΦF =FluxVC.
The constraint on the term FluxCC is imposed by ______________
a) Scarborough criterion
b) Richardson extrapolation
c) Stability criterion
d) Gauss-Siedel criterion
View Answer
Explanation: The constraint on the term FluxCC for diagonal dominance. Diagonal dominance is needed by the Scarborough criterion. The Scarborough criterion is used to ensure the convergence of the linear system of equations.
10 - Question
The general form of the equation for the source term is
[aC-FluxCC ] ΦC+∑F~NB(C)aF ΦF =FluxVC.
When the variable Φ is positive-definite, the FluxVC should be ______________
a) FluxVC must be greater than one
b) FluxVC must be less than one
c) FluxVC must be less than zero
d) FluxVC must be greater than zero
View Answer
Explanation: In some of the cases, the value of the flow variable ΦC will always be a positive non-zero value. In these cases, the value of FluxVC must be greater than zero to ensure that the value of Φ will also be greater than zero.