Engineering Questions with Answers - Multiple Choice Questions

# Computational Fluid Dynamics – Incompressible Flows – Pressure Correction Equation

1 - Question

The pressure correction equation is used to ensure _________
a) energy conservation
b) velocity conservation
c) momentum conservation
d) mass conservation
Explanation: The pressure correction uses a pressure equation to make sure that mass is conserved at each time step. This is to get the correct solution from the assumed initial values at that time step.

2 - Question

Consider a one-dimensional flow with two bounding faces in the eastern (e) and the western sides (w). Applying pressure correction to the mass conservation equation, which of these equations will be obtained?
(Note: m˙ represents the mass flow rate and the signs * and ‘ represent the initial guess and the correction terms respectively).
a) m˙e+m˙w=+me˙+m˙w
b) m˙w=m˙e
c) m˙e+m˙w=me˙m˙w
d) m˙e=m˙e

Explanation: The correction in any flow variable is given by
Φ=Φ*+Φ’
By the continuity equation,
me˙+mw˙=0
m˙e+m˙e+m˙w+m˙w=0
Therefore,
m˙e+m˙w=me˙m˙w.

3 - Question

In the incompressible flows, the correction implies a correction in _________
a) momentum
b) velocity
c) mass
d) density
Explanation: In general, m˙=ρuA A correction in mass flow rate cannot be the correction in density as density is constant in the incompressible flows. It cannot be a correction in area also as it is geometrically defined by the grids. So, it must be a correction in velocity.

4 - Question

State the condition obtained by applying the correction to the continuity equation.
a) When the mass flow rate reaches an exact solution, the correction field becomes zero
b) When the velocity reaches an exact solution, the correction field becomes zero
c) When the mass flow rate reaches an exact solution, the correction field becomes infinity
d) When the velocity reaches an exact solution, the correction field becomes infinity

Explanation: The correction equation obtained for the mass flow rate is
m˙e+m˙w=me˙m˙w
When the solution reaches the exact answers,
m˙em˙w=me˙+m˙w=0
Therefore, the correction field
m˙e+m˙w=0.

5 - Question

The continuity equation drives the correction field of __________
a) density
b) velocity
c) pressure
d) energy
Explanation: The correction field becomes zero when the mass flow rate values satisfy the continuity equation. This is useful only for the velocity correction as the mass flow rate correction and velocity correction means the same.

6 - Question

The momentum equation drives the correction field of __________
a) density
b) temperature
c) pressure
d) energy
Explanation: To establish the correction field for pressure, the mass flow rate cannot be used. So, the pressure correction field is defined by the momentum equation. But, the momentum equation is used to get the initial guess of velocities.

7 - Question

In which of these terms of the momentum equation will the correction have no impact?
a) Diffusion terms
b) Source terms
c) Velocity terms
d) Surface flux terms
Explanation: Corrections based on the surface fluxes become zero when the solution converges. The other terms of the momentum equation do not become zero here. Therefore, the surface fluxes have no impact on the final solution.

8 - Question

The pressure used to find the velocities from the momentum equations is of __________
a) the previous time step
b) the oldest value
c) the latest value
d) the current time step
Explanation: The momentum equations are used to get the initial guesses of the velocities. To get these velocities, other terms in the equation should be known. As the pressure at the current time step is unknown, the pressure values of the previous time step are used.

9 - Question

The correction in the velocity field is used to _____________
a) to find the pressure field of the next time step
b) correct the pressure field
c) to get the velocity field of the next time step
d) to correct the velocity field in the previous iteration
Explanation: Pressure correction equation resembles the predictor-corrector method. The velocities are corrected until they satisfy the continuity equation. Then the corrected velocity is used to correct the pressure field of the previous time step.

10 - Question

The pressure correction is an __________
a) explicit time-independent method
b) implicit time-independent method
c) implicit time-dependent method
d) explicit time-dependent method