Engineering Questions with Answers - Multiple Choice Questions
Aerodynamics – Vibrational Rate Equations
1 - Question
What is the value of transition probability?
a) 0
b) More than 1
c) Less than 1
d) 1
View Answer
Explanation: Transition probability is the probability that a molecule will jump to another i + 1 level after the molecular collision. The transition of the molecule moving to a higher energy level requires several number of collisions. This probability value is always less than 1.
2 - Question
What does the product of collision frequency and transition probability yield?
a) Number of transitions per particle per second
b) Number of collisions per second
c) Number of collisions per second per particle
d) Transitions per collision
View Answer
Explanation: The collision frequency (Z) when multiplied with the transition probability (Pi, i + 1) yield the number of transitions per particle per second. Since the collision frequency is the number of collisions taking place per particle and the transition probability gives the number of transitions taking place per collision per particle.
3 - Question
What is the formula to compute net rate change of the population of the ith level?
a) dNidt = Pi + 1, i ZNi + 1 + Pi – 1, i ZNi – 1 – Pi, i + 1 ZNi – Pi, i – 1 ZNi
b) dNidt = – Pi + 1, i ZNi + 1 + Pi – 1, i ZNi – 1 + Pi, i + 1 ZNi + Pi, i – 1 ZNi
c) dNidt = Pi + 1, i ZNi + 1 – Pi, i + 1 ZNi
d) dNidt = + Pi – 1, i ZNi – 1 – Pi, i – 1 ZNi
View Answer
Explanation: The rate of change of population of the molecules in ith level is computed by adding rate of increase of Ni (population of ith level) and rate of decrease of Ni. Thus the formula is: dNidt = Pi + 1, i ZNi + 1 + Pi – 1, i ZNi – 1 – Pi, i + 1 ZNi – Pi, i – 1 ZNi Where, Pi + 1, i ZNi + 1 + Pi – 1, i ZNi – 1 is the rate of increase of population in ith level due to the molecules jumping up from i – 1 and down from i + 1 levels. Pi, i + 1 ZNi – Pi, i – 1 ZNi is the rate of decrease of population in the ith level due to the molecules jumping from ith level to i + 1 and i – 1 levels.
4 - Question
What is the master equation for vibrational relaxation?
a) dNidt = ki + 1, i ZNi + 1 + ki – 1, i ZNi – 1 – ki, i + 1 ZNi – ki, i – 1 ZNi
b) dNidt = ki + 1, i Ni + 1 + ki – 1, i Ni – 1 – ki, i + 1Ni – ki, i – 1 Ni
c) dNidt = ZNi + 1 + ZNi – 1 – ZNi, i – 1 – ZNi
d) dNidt = Pi + 1, i ZNi + 1 + Pi – 1, i ZNi – 1
View Answer
Explanation: In the formula derived to obtain then net rate of change of population of the ith level, the product of transition probability and collision frequency is expressed in the form of a new variable known as vibrational rate constant ki + 1, i = Pi + 1, i Z (this is an example of one of the transitions). Thus the formula is reduced from dNidt = Pi + 1, i ZNi + 1 + Pi – 1, i ZNi – 1 – Pi, i + 1 ZNi – Pi, i – 1 ZNi to: dNidt = ki + 1, i Ni + 1 + ki – 1, i Ni – 1 – ki, i + 1Ni – ki, i – 1 Ni
5 - Question
Which of these is the vibrational rate equation?
a) devibdt=1τ(eeqvib – evib)
b) τ = 1k1,0(1–e−hv/kT)
c) evib = τ(eeqvib – evib)
d) devibdt = 1τ(eeqvib – evib)
View Answer
Explanation: The vibrational rate equation gives a relation between evib which is the time rate change with the difference between the equilibrium and the local instantaneous non – equilibrium value (eeqvib – evib). It is given by the following relation which is a differential equation: devibdt=1τ(eeqvib – evib)
6 - Question
In case of translation-vibration transfers, there can be an increase or decrease in kinetic energy.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: When a molecule undergoes a translation-vibration transfer also known as T – V transfer, molecules tend to lose or gain vibrational energy. This energy is reflected in the form of an increase or decrease in the kinetic energy of the molecule undergoing collision.